Stepped Footing in Foundation Plan Drawing
Strip foundations: Step-by-Footstep Instructions
A correctly calculated and constructed foundation is the key to the long-term and safe functioning of whatever edifice and construction. At that place is a certain number of types of foundation, merely the most popular of all will undoubtedly be tape. For its manufacture does non crave boosted equipment. Everyone has the power to build a strip foundation (or strip footings) with their own easily: footstep-by-stride instructions for its construction will aid in this affair.
Advantages and disadvantages of the strip foundation
It got its name, as information technology looks like a reinforced concrete tape buried in the basis. The external and internal walls of the construction with their entire lower airplane residue on the surface of this tape. Past the blazon of deepening into the basis, the strip foundation is deepened (from i.45 to 1.65 m) and with shallow deepening (less than 1.4 m). The outset type is being built for large structures and high-rise buildings, and the 2nd for low-rise construction. By structure, it can exist monolithic and prefabricated. Monolithic is poured from concrete mortar, and precast is made of separate reinforced concrete blocks.
For the structure of a monolithic foundation, the following materials can exist used:
- Portland cement;
- sand;
- crushed rock;
- shrapnel rock;
- broken brick;
- steel reinforcement;
- h2o.
The need for these materials tin be pre-calculated using a estimator for calculating concrete on a strip foundation or manually.
The strip foundation has several advantages that make it truly popular among all other types of bases:
- low susceptibility to heavy loads;
- elementary construction without the use of heavy technical means;
- design reliability;
- the possibility of building on non-compatible in density soils;
- the walls of the structure can simultaneously serve as walls in the basement of the house.
He as well has disadvantages:
- structure requires a lot of materials;
- waterproofing is required.
With all its advantages and disadvantages, this type of foundation is widespread, specially in private structure.
Useful advice!In guild to calculate the right amount of mortar, calculators for calculating concrete on a strip foundation have long been invented. It is enough to enter the parameters of the trench in them to get consummate data nearly the amount of required materials. Using these services, y'all can besides summate the cost of the foundation .
Strip foundation yourself: step-by-pace instructions
Due to the fact that there is no need to apply heavy technical equipment for construction, anyone can build a strip foundation with their own hands: a step-by-step instruction for the implementation of work includes several independent steps.
Grooming for piece of work and marking in identify
Earlier proceeding with the construction of the foundation, it is necessary to plan the terrain and mark the axes. Planning means leveling the unabridged structure site in height. If the summit difference in the area is pregnant, then this circumstance must be taken into business relationship when digging a trench. In higher places yous will have to dig deeper, but in lower places the superlative of the foundation will exist greater. Axes are marked with a triangle with sides 3: four: 5. The corners should be straight, and all the diagonals equal.
Excavation
This is earthworks trenches to the required depth forth the marking axes. Its depth depends on the density of the soil, the distance to the groundwater, the weight of the edifice being erected. For loftier-rising buildings, it'due south 1.v thou, and for individual houses 1 m is enough, if the soil allows. Subsequently digging the trench, at its bottom, tamping and drainage is carried out with a layer of sand and gravel. This is called a pillow. The width of the trench depends on the blazon of materials the walls will be made of. For individual houses, threescore cm is enough.
Formwork yourself for a strip foundation
When the trench is ready, begin to build the formwork. Some construction companies have in their arsenal prefabricated reusable formwork, which is very convenient to use. Formwork yourself for the strip foundation can also exist made. To do this, y'all need lumber: confined and tes. Its quantity must be calculated individually. The formwork has the form of a wooden box installed over the unabridged trench. Since a liquid solution will be poured there, tightness must exist observed. If this cannot exist accomplished just with the help of boards, then it is possible to sheathe the formwork inside the roofing textile. The design must exist rigid plenty to withstand the pressure of the poured physical. For this, the walls of the formwork are attached together with jumpers after 2 to iii meters. Every bit you can see, creating a formwork for a strip foundation with your own hands is not so difficult.
Useful advice!In order for lumber used in the manufacture of formwork to be reusable, it is necessary to design it so that when disassembling it does non impairment the boards.
What brand of concrete for the strip foundation is used
Before you lot start pouring a monolith, you need to ask a question: which make of concrete for the strip foundation is the most optimal. This parameter depends on several factors:
- weight of the entire structure;
- the presence of additional loads on the base;
- what reinforcement is used;
- soil type;
- climatic weather condition of the area.
For the installation of a physical pillow under the master foundation, the M100 brand will be quite enough. For lightweight constructions: panel houses, bathhouses and concern buildings, the M200 is suitable. The construction of a wooden house or a building of light blocks requires the apply of the M250 make. For massive structures and buildings, high-quality concrete of the M350 brand is existence prepared, with a strength of 327 kg / cm². College concrete grades are used for the construction of geometrically complex structures and construction sites in regions with harsh climates. Knowing these characteristics, anybody tin can determine for themselves: what brand of physical for the strip foundation is needed.
Laying reinforcement and foundation pouring
Having decided on the brand of concrete, it is necessary to prepare everything necessary for pouring. Some lodge ready-fabricated concrete in specialized firms. Most people set up a solution on their own. To practice this, it is desirable to have a concrete mixer. All components are mixed in it. Their proportion depends on which brand of concrete for the strip foundation was chosen.
A steel structure welded from reinforcing confined is laid at the lesser of the trench along the entire perimeter.The more such rods are used and the thicker they are, the stronger the foundation volition be.
v Cubic Feet Compact Cement and Concrete Mixer
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The prepared physical is poured into the trench and formwork to the level marking and leveled so that its surface is strictly horizontal and even.
Useful advice! When pouring foundations of large book, information technology is necessary to use special vibrators that are buried in the thickness of concrete.They expel air bubbles, making the monolith more than compatible and durable.
After the foundation is completely ready, it is necessary to provide waterproofing of its walls with coating materials. A correctly executed foundation will give a long and reliable operation of any object.
QUIKRETE COMPANIES 47-Lb. Portland Cement Blazon I 112447
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Source: https://toiib.com/strip-foundations-step-by-step-instructions/
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